UPSC Express

Nature Conservation

Under Biodiversity conservation scheme, there are two main subcomponents

• Bio Diversity
• Bio Safety

 Bio Diversity

Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)

• Legally binding
• Aichi target 
• India enacted the Biological Diversity Act, 2002 to give effect to the provisions of CBD.
• National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) was created to implement the provisions of BDA, 2002.
  • Located at Chennai
  • Autonomous body
  • Statutory body
  • Regulatory body
  • Decentralized – national, state and local
• Nagoya protocol 
  • Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS)
  • Adopted under the aegis of CBD
  • Legally binding

 

Bio Safety

• Cartagena Bio safety protocol
  • Under the aegis of CBD
  • Legally binding
  • Safe transfer, handling and use of Living Modified Organisms (LMO) resulting from modern biotech that may have adverse effect
  • Seeks to protect the world from GMOs resulting from modern biotech.
  • Advanced Informed Agreement – procedure to LMOs across border