Unitary Features of Indian constitution:
Unitary Features of Indian constitution:
1. The States of Indian Don’t have their own constitution as in the states of USA and Australia have their own constitution.
2. Uniform and single Citizenship in India (Australia and USA have double citizenship).
3. Parliament can make the changes of territorial extent of a State without its consent.
4. Parliament has full control over the Union list subjects as well as residuary power vests with the centre.
5. With the two-third majority, Rajya Sabha can authorize Parliament to make laws on any State subject (Article 249).
6. If there is any national emergency, Parliament has the right to make laws with respect to State subjects automatically (Article 250).
7. On the request of two or more states, Parliament can legislate on particular State subject (Article 252).
8. parliament can make laws on State Lists to comply with the international agreements (Article 253).
9. In the case of president’s rule in state all the powers will be handed over to Parliament (Article 356).
10. The governor of the state is appointed by the President and the former is not responsible to the State Legislature (Article 155).
11. Parliament can give some financial orders or can order to reserve money bills passed by states (Article 160).
12. Centre can give administrative directions to the States (Article 256).
13. The all Indian services official are appointed by centre but salary are paid and controlled by States (Article 312).
14. Judges of High Courts are appointed by the President of India (Article 216), and states don’t play any role in this.
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