Category Archives: Current Affairs

Everything about Cryosphere Loss

Cryosphere Loss Q. Why is this in News?  At COP27, a broad coalition of 18 governments joined together to create a new high-level group ‘Ambition on Melting Ice (AMI) on Sea-level Rise and Mountain Water Resources’.Q. What is AMI Group? Q. What is the Declaration of the Group?A.  Q. What is the Cryosphere?A. 

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Everything about Ambedkar Tourist Circuit

Ambedkar Tourist Circuit Q. Why is this in news ? The Central government has announced a special tourist circuit encompassing five key sites associated with Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. Q. What is Ambedkar Circuit? Q. What about the sites? Q. What are Tourism Circuits?

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Linking of Credit Cards with UPI

Linking of Credit Cards with UPI Q What is the context  ? The RBI has proposed to allow the linking of credit cards with the Unified Payments Interface (UPI). Integrating Credit Cards to UPI The integration will first begin with the indigenous RuPay credit cards. Both the RuPay network and UPI are managed by the same organisation – the National

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Intellectual Property Rights

Intellectual Property Rights Q What is the context  ? The US Trade Representative (USTR) said in a report released last month that India was one of the most challenging major economies as far as IP protection and enforcement is concerned. US has decided to retain India on its Priority Watch List along with six other countries —Argentina, Chile, China, Indonesia,

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FATF and Pakistan’s position on its ‘Grey List’

FATF and Pakistan’s position on its ‘Grey List’ Q Why is it in News ?  Pakistan which continues to face an economic crunch from the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), is hoping for some respite in the form of its removal from the FATF’s ‘grey list’. Q What is the FATF?  The FATF is an international watchdog for financial crimes

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Sri Lanka’s aggravating Economic Crisis

Sri Lanka’s aggravating Economic Crisis Why is it in News ?  Sri Lanka’s economic crisis is aggravating rapidly, putting citizens through enormous hardship. Q What are the reasons for the Crisis ?  The first wave of the pandemic in 2020 offered early and sure signs of distress. In-migration: Thousands of Sri Lankan labourers in West Asian countries were left stranded and

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Everything about Death Penalty

Death Penalty Q. Why is this in news ? On April 22, a Bench of the Supreme Court of India, led by Justice U.U. Lalit, decided to critically examine the routine and abrupt way in which trial judges often impose the death penalty on convicts. Q. What is Individualistic approach? The challenge before the Court in the instant case of Irfan vs

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Why NATO isn’t sending troops to Ukraine?

Why NATO isn’t sending troops to Ukraine? Why is it in News ? Amid Russia’s war on Ukraine, the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) has been rapidly deploying troops to member countries but has clarified that it has no plans of sending them to Ukraine. Q What is NATO? NATO is a military alliance established by the North Atlantic Treaty

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Discuss the socio-religious impact of British conquest of India. How it was different from previous invasions?

Model Answer Answer: Since the Battle of Plassey in 1757, British established themselves as a ruling class in India. British conquest had a profound impact on Indian society which occasioned numerous socio-religious reforms among various communities and regions. Socio-religious impact of British conquest:- British introduced modern Western ideas like rationalism, humanism , scientific enquiry etc. Indian society was steeped in

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Discuss the key reasons for continuous ceasefire violations at the line of control between India and Pakistan.

Model Answer Answer: The India–Pakistan border in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) has witnessed repeated ceasefire violations (CFVs) over the past decade. With degrading bilateral relations between India and Pakistan, CFVs have gone up exponentially. These CFVs have the potential not only to begin a crisis but also to escalate an ongoing one. Reasons behind the ceasefire violations at LoC: To

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Recently the Department of Space has released a draft“Humans in space policy for India-2021”. Briefly discuss the need for such a policy.

Model Answer Answer: India plans to have a sustained human presence in space. To achieve this,India is working on multiple fronts like technological development, research and collaboration, etc. The draft policy is a step in achieving this goal. Need for such a policy: It is being felt that given the collaborative nature of human spaceflight due to its multi-disciplinary nature,

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What are the reforms brought in through GST and what can be the future reforms in indirect taxation in India.

Model Answer GST is a comprehensive indirect tax levied on manufacture, sale and consumption of goods as well as services at the national level. It has replaced all indirect taxes levied on goods and services by the Central and State Governments. It has been a milestone in the economic landscape of India. Reforms bought in by GST: It brought in more transparency

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Outline the importance of the India- Nepal bilateral relations. What are the major tensions between the countries?

Model Answer India-Nepal relations are based on multidimensional linkages. Acknowledging each other’s importance, both countries have described the relationship as ‘special’ on various occasions. However, the India-Nepal bilateral relationship is currently at its lowest ebb due to anti-India sentiments in Nepal, in reaction to the perceived political interference by India. Importance: People to people contact: Open border system (bordering 5 India

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Explained: Why cloudbursts could become more frequent

In News: At least seven people were killed and 17 injured after a cloudburst hit remote Hunzar village, of the hilly Kishtwar district of Jammu and Kashmir. About Cloudburst: Cloudbursts are short-duration, intense rainfall events over a small area. A cloudburst is different from rain only in the amount of water that pours down on the earth. The India Meteorological Department

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About: Interest rate transmission 

About: Interest rate transmission  The monetary policy of the country is handled by RBI, under which it takes various steps to manage inflation and money supply in the economy. Repo rate is the rate at which RBI lends funds to banks and Reverse repo rate is the rate at which it borrows funds from banks. RBI increases or decreases these rates to control the flow of money

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Explained: How lightning strikes, and why it kills

Explained: How lightning strikes, and why it kills In News: At least 30 people were killed in separate incidents of lightning in various parts of the country in the past 24 hours. What is Lightning? Lightning is a phenomenon where light energy is produced by imbalances between cumulonimbus clouds and the ground, or within the clouds themselves. Most lightning occurs within

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In Focus: Elephants and their Conservation Efforts

A proposed elephant reserve in Chhattisgarh and its reduced area In News: The proposed Lemru Elephant Reserve (in the pipeline for 20 years) in Chhattisgarh, has become the subject of controversies. This provides the context for understanding of the Elephants and their Reserves in India. In Focus: Elephants and their Conservation Efforts: UPSC Books About the species: Elephant (Elephas maximus) is

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Essay : Pandemics and Digital Divide

Title : Pandemics and Digital Divide https://amzn.to/3B0iiIn Digital divide refers to the gap between those with regular, effective access to digital and information technology, and those without this access. It encompasses both physical access to technology hardware and, more broadly, skills and resources which allow for its use. Factors like gender, physical disability, physical access, age, access to the contents,

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ESSAY : Is democracy losing ground?

Title : Is democracy losing ground? Even as there are powerful pro-democracy movements in Hong Kong and Venezuela, there has been a trend in recent years that democracy is in retreat. Many surveys concur. The latest survey by Freedom House, an American think-tank, is called “Democracy in Crisis”. In 2017, for the 12th consecutive year, countries that suffered democratic setbacks

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About: Namami Gange Programme, National Ganga Council, National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) #UPSC

Cities situated on river banks will have to incorporate river conservation plans when they prepare their Master Plans, says a policy document from the National Mission for Clean Ganga. About: Namami Gange Programme ‘Namami Gange Programme’, is an Integrated Conservation Mission, approved as ‘Flagship Programme’ by the Union Government in June 2014. Flagship schemes of Government are those schemes which

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The British rule has been often been described as the reason for drain of Indian wealth to Britain. In this light discuss constituent of economic drain and consequences of the same.

Q. The British rule has been often been described as the reason for drain of Indian wealth to Britain. In this light discuss constituent of economic drain and consequences of the same. Structure of the answer: Introduction (drain of wealth) Estimate of drain of wealth Constituent of economic drain Consequences Final analysis Model Answer  The constant flow of wealth from

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About: Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) @UpscExpress

About: Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) The Central Board of Secondary Education was formed officially in 1962 with the sole purpose to make a common standard and platform for every student in the country. The Board has not been established under any statute. It can be treated only as an authority created by the Government of India to carry on certain

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Freedom of Navigation Operations

Freedom of Navigation Operations Q Why is it in News?  The US Navy has had “asserted navigational rights and freedoms approximately 130 nautical miles west of Lakshadweep Islands, inside India’s exclusive economic zone (EEZ), without requesting India’s prior consent, consistent with international law”. Q What are  Freedom of Navigation Operations?   Freedom of Navigation Operations (FONOPs)  are closely linked to

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Q. What is Aurora, why does it occur? 

Northern Lights, also known as aurora borealis could be visible in regions such as in the northern parts of Illinois and Pennsylvania in the US. Q. What is Aurora, why does it occur?  Auroras occur when charged particles ejected from the Sun’s surface — called the solar wind — enter the Earth’s atmosphere. While flowing toward Earth, the fast-moving solar

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Why is it unusually foggy over north India this winter?

Why is it unusually foggy over north India this winter? Q. What is the news? For several days during the last two months, zero visibility and dense fog has engulfed parts of Delhi and all of Punjab and Haryana keeping up with cold weather conditions. Last week alone, multiple road accidents due to poor visibility killed close to a hundred people.  What

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About 3D Printing

Govt readies 3D printing policy for local firms to join new global market In News The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) will soon come up with a policy aimed at promoting 3D printing on an industrial scale. Objectives of the policy The policy will help to develop an ecosystem for design, development and deployment of 3D printing in the country. It

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Important Terms – Current Affairs

Mallakhamb It is a traditional Indian sport in which a gymnast performs feats and poses in concert with a vertical wooden pole or rope. Mallakhamb originated in Maharastra, India, during the 12th century, as a form of training for wrestlers. Mallakhamba derives from the terms malla which denotes a wrestler and khamba which means a pole. Mallakhamba can therefore be

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National Mineral Policy 2019

National Mineral Policy 2019 National Mineral Policy 2019 replaces the extant National Mineral Policy 2008. Objective : The aim of the policy is to have a more effective, meaningful and implementable policy that brings in further transparency, better regulation and enforcement, balanced social and economic growth as well as sustainable mining practices. Benefits: Bringing about more effective regulation to the

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Smart farming: Agriculture data can reap a bumper harvest Editorial 25th Apr’19 FinancialExpress

Headline : Smart farming: Agriculture data can reap a bumper harvest Editorial 25th Apr’19 FinancialExpress Details : Dependence on government for agriculture data: Agricultural statistics is not easy to collect and compile, hence the dependence on the government. But this data suffers from the issues of timeliness, reliability and integrity. Yet, since it is only source, there is no option but to use

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India and Pak Relation: In Brief : Cross-LoC trade, Intra Kashmir Trade Report

Headline : Explained: LoC trade, in perspective Details : Context of the topic: Last week, the government of India suspended the cross-LoC trade, alleging misuse of the facility by individuals linked to terrorist groups   Theme of the topic: The topic gives a brief account of information about the History of the cross-LoC trade and its objective.   Historical background of

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North Korea and USA Relation : Current

Headline : After unsuccessful summit with Trump, North Korean Kim Jong Un is again using military optics Details : The news North Korean leader Kim Jong Un is returning to his military optics two months after his unsuccessful summit with the US President.   Background North Korea’s quest for a nuclear weapon can be traced back decades to the Korean War.

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In Brief: PJ Nayak Committee and Banks Board Bureau (BBB)

Headline : BBB tags 75 officers for leadership roles in PSBs Details : The News: The Banks Board Bureau (BBB) has recently identified 75 senior officers for leadership roles in Public Sector Banks (PSBs). The BBB also gave its recommendations in key areas that needed to be strengthened besides improvising governance practices among PSBs.   About Banks Board Bureau (BBB) In

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Pakistan’s economy and IMF’s help

Headline : Either way, the news is bad Editorial 20th Apr’19 TheHindu Pakistan’s economy in free-fall: Pakistan’s economy is in ruins, with almost every indicator deteriorating substantially. Inflation: Inflation, at 9.4%, is at its highest level in five-and-a-half years and is likely to rise to double digits for the months ahead. Currency depreciation: The Pakistani rupee continues to lose value regularly, which adds

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Pak launches guidelines to implement UNSC 1267 Sanctions in country

Headline : Pak launches guidelines to implement UNSC 1267 Sanctions in country  Details :  The news Pakistan has launched guidelines for implementing the UNSC 1267 Sanctions targeting UN-proscribed individuals and entities in the country.   Background After Pulwama attach and India’s counter airstrikes, tensions escalated between India and Pakistan. Since then, Pakistan is under intense global pressure to take action against

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Every about Sino- India Border Dispute

China destroys maps showing ‘wrong’ border The news Chinese Customs officials have destroyed 30,000 world maps printed in the country for not mentioning Arunachal Pradesh and Taiwan as part of its territory. Background China claims the north-eastern Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh as part of South Tibet and persistently objects to Indian leaders visiting Arunachal Pradesh. However, India maintains that

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National Policy on Software Product 2019

National Policy on Software Product 2019 National Policy on Software Product 2019 is a basic roadmap for formulation of initiatives, schemes and other measures for the development of software products sector in India   Funding It involves an initial outlay of Rs.1500 crore for various schemes till 2025. Software Product Development Fund: of Rs 5000 crore with contribution from private

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U.S. ends waiver for India on Iran oil

Headline : U.S. ends waiver for India on Iran oil Details : The News Recently, the United States has decided not to issue any additional Significant Reduction Exceptions (SREs) to existing importers of Iranian oil.   Background Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) was signed between Iran and the P5, plus Germany and the EU in 2015, which aimed at curbing

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Why a dam in Karnataka bothers Tamil Nadu

Headline : Why a dam in Karnataka bothers Tamil Nadu Details : Why in news? Recently, Tamil Nadu Chief Minister E K Palaniswami wrote to the Prime Minister urging him to stop the process of a feasibility study for the Mekedatu dam project in Karnataka.   About Mekedatu dam project Being set up by the Karnataka government, the project is near Mekedatu,

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10 ‘noble commitments’ for global transformation by PM Modi

10 Commitments and Suggestions: 1. Creating Safer World: It can be achieved by organised and coordinated action on issues like counter-terrorism, cyber security and disaster management. 2. Creating Greener World: It can be achieved by taking concerted action on countering climate change. For e.g initiatives like International Solar Alliance. 3. Creating Enabled World: It can be achieved by sharing and

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